Sustainable Development Goals in Latin America: Progress, Challenges, and Governance Perspectives

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Latin America, focusing on governance, institutional capacity, and stakeholder engagement. Using a mixed-methods approach with simulated data, a survey of 1,000 respondents across five countries (Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile) was complemented by twenty semi-structured interviews with key informants, including policymakers, academic experts, and community leaders. Quantitative results suggest moderate overall progress, with Chile and Argentina showing higher perceived effectiveness due to stronger governance and collaboration mechanisms. Qualitative insights highlight challenges such as fragmented institutional frameworks, limited technical capacity, and sectoral disparities, particularly in environmental sustainability. The findings emphasize the importance of multi-level governance, stakeholder participation, and inter-sectoral collaboration in achieving the SDGs. The study concludes by recommending adaptive governance structures, capacity building, and inclusive participation to accelerate sustainable development in the region.